Cleanroom ndi chiyani

Malo oyeretsera ndi malo oyendetsedwa bwino omwe amapangidwa kuti azikhala otsika kwambiri a zinthu monga fumbi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda touluka ndi mpweya, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta aerosol ndi nthunzi wamankhwala. Madera olamuliridwawa ndi ofunikira kwambiri kumafakitale monga mankhwala, biotechnology, zamagetsi, ndi kupanga, komwe ngakhale zowononga zing'onozing'ono zimatha kukhudza kwambiri ubwino ndi kukhulupirika kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa.

Zipinda zoyeretsera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale momwe mpweya ulili wofunikira komanso ukhondo wofunikira ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa womwe umapezeka m'malo abwinobwino. Kapangidwe ka zipinda zoyeretsera zimatengera malamulo okhwima owonetsetsa kuti chilengedwe chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyeretsera. Izi zikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, makina osefera mpweya ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zolimba kuti achepetse kuyambitsa, kupanga ndi kusunga tinthu m'zipinda zoyera.

Kugawika kwa zipinda zoyera kumatengera kuchuluka kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya. Izi zimayesedwa molingana ndi miyezo ya ISO, ndi makalasi a zipinda zoyera kuyambira ISO 1 mpaka ISO 9, ISO 1 kukhala yoyera kwambiri ndi ISO 9 yoyera pang'ono. Gululi limatengera kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono tololedwa pa kiyubiki mita imodzi ya mpweya, ISO 1 ndiyokhala yolimba kwambiri ndipo ISO 9 ndiyotsika kwambiri.

Zipinda zoyeretsera zidapangidwa kuti ziziwongolera magawo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, kuphatikiza kuyenda kwa mpweya, kutentha, chinyezi komanso kuthamanga. Kuyenda kwa mpweya mkati mwa chipinda choyera kumayendetsedwa mosamala kuonetsetsa kuti zowonongeka zimachotsedwa ku chilengedwe komanso mpweya wabwino umayendetsedwa mosalekeza. Izi zimachitika makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera zapamwamba kwambiri za mpweya wa particulate (HEPA) ndi ma laminar airflow system.

Kuwongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi ndikofunikiranso m'malo aukhondo, chifukwa njira zina ndi zida zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa magawowa. Kusunga kutentha kokhazikika ndi chinyezi kumathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti njira zomwe zimachitikira m'zipinda zaukhondo ndi zogwirizana komanso zodalirika.

Kusiyanitsa kwapanikizidwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zonyansa zochokera kumadera ozungulira kuti zilowe m'chipinda choyera. Kupanikizika kwabwino kumasungidwa m'zipinda zoyera kuti zonyansa zisalowe, pamene kukakamiza koipa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera ena kuti atseke zowononga zilizonse zomwe zingatheke kumalo enaake.

Zipinda zoyeretsera zilinso ndi zida zapadera ndi mipando yopangidwira kuchepetsa kutulutsa tinthu ndikusunga. Izi zikuphatikizapo malo osalala, opanda zibowo komanso osavuta kuyeretsa, komanso zovala zapadera ndi zida zodzitetezera kwa ogwira ntchito m'chipinda choyeretsa.

Mwachidule, chipinda choyeretsera ndi malo olamulidwa kwambiri omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa mafakitale omwe khalidwe lazinthu ndi kukhulupirika ndizofunikira. Njira zoyeretsera mokhazikika m'zipinda zaukhondo zimatsimikizira kuti chilengedwe chikukwaniritsa zofunikira kuti apange zinthu zodziwika bwino. Poyang'anira mpweya wabwino, kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kupanikizika, zipinda zoyera zimapereka malo olamulira omwe amafunikira kupanga mankhwala, zamagetsi, ndi zinthu zina zowonongeka.